Algeria - Government
Based on the etymolgy of Algeria, it was the country name derives from the capital city of Algiers. The Government system in this country is the presidential republic type and the different Administrative divisions includes: 58 provinces (wilayas, singular - wilaya); Adrar, Ain Defla, Ain Temouchent, Alger (Algiers), Annaba, Batna, Bechar, Bejaia, Beni Abbes, Biskra, Blida, Bordj Badji Mokhtar, Bordj Bou Arreridj, Bouira, Boumerdes, Chlef, Constantine, Djanet, Djelfa, El Bayadh, El Meghaier, El Meniaa, El Oued, El Tarf, Ghardaia, Guelma, Illizi, In Guezzam, In Salah, Jijel, Khenchela, Laghouat, Mascara, Medea, Mila, Mostaganem, M'Sila, Naama, Oran, Ouargla, Ouled Djellal, Oum el Bouaghi, Relizane, Saida, Setif, Sidi Bel Abbes, Skikda, Souk Ahras, Tamanrasset, Tebessa, Tiaret, Timimoun, Tindouf, Tipaza, Tissemsilt, Tizi Ouzou, Tlemcen, Touggourt
National symbols
Five-pointed star between the extended horns of a crescent moon, fennec fox; national colors: green, white, red.
The flag
The National flag of Algeria has two equal vertical bands of green (hoist side) and white; a red, five-pointed star within a red crescent centered over the two-color boundary; the colors represent Islam (green), purity and peace (white), and liberty (red); the crescent and star are also Islamic symbols, but the crescent is more closed than those of other Muslim countries because Algerians believe the long crescent horns bring happiness.
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The National Anthem
| Title | "Kassaman" (We Pledge) |
|---|---|
| Lyric/music | Mufdi ZAKARIAH/Mohamed FAWZI |
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note: adopted 1962; ZAKARIAH wrote "Kassaman" as a poem while imprisoned in Algiers by French colonial forces
More about the government of Algeria
| Date of Independence | 5 July 1962 (from France) |
|---|---|
| National holiday | Independence Day, 5 July (1962); Revolution Day, 1 November (1954) |
| Legal system | mixed legal system of French civil law and Islamic law; judicial review of legislative acts in ad hoc Constitutional Council composed of various public officials including several Supreme Court justices |
| International law organization participation | has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt |
| Constitution | |
| History | Several previous; latest approved by referendum 1 November 2020 |
| Amendments | Proposed by the president of the republic or through the president with the support of three fourths of the members of both houses of Parliament in joint session; passage requires approval by both houses, approval by referendum, and promulgation by the president; the president can forego a referendum if the Constitutional Council determines the proposed amendment does not conflict with basic constitutional principles; articles including the republican form of government, the integrity and unity of the country, and fundamental citizens’ liberties and rights cannot be amended; amended 2002, 2008, 2016; last in 2020 |
| Citizenship | |
| Citizenship by birth | no |
| Citizenship by descent only | the mother must be a citizen of Algeria |
| Dual citizenship recognized | no |
| Residency requirement for naturalization | 7 years |
| Executive Branch | |
| Chief of state | President Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE (since 12 December 2019) |
| Head of government | Prime Minister Nadir LARBAOUI (since 11 November 2023) |
| Cabinet | Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president |
| Elections/appointments | president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in two rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 12 December 2019 (next to be held on 7 September 2024); prime minister nominated by the president after consultation with the majority party in Parliament |
| Election results | 2019: Abdelmadjid TEBBOUNE (FLN) 58.1%, Abdelkader BENGRINA (El-Bina) 17.4%, Ali BENFLIS (Talaie El Hurriyet) 10.6%, Azzedine MIHOUBI (RND) 7.3%, Abdelaziz BELAID (Future Front) 6.7% 2014: Abdelaziz BOUTEFLIKA reelected president for a fourth term; percent of vote - Abdelaziz BOUTEFLIKA (FLN) 81.5%, Ali BENFLIS (FLN) 12.2%, Abdelaziz BELAID (Future Front) 3.4%, other 2.9% |
| Legislative branch | |
| Description | Bicameral Parliament consists of: Council of the Nation or Majlis al-Umma (174 seats, statutory; 170 currently); two-thirds of members indirectly elected by simple majority vote by an electoral college composed of local assemblies within each wilaya, and one-third of members appointed by the president; members serve 6-year terms with one-half of the membership renewed every 3 years) National People's Assembly or al-Majlis al-Sha'abi al-Watani (407 seats, including 8 seats for Algerian diaspora); members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by open-list proportional representation vote using the Hare quota method; members serve 5-year terms) |
| Elections | Council of the Nation - last held on 5 February 2022 (next expected in 2025) National People's Assembly - snap election held on 12 June 2021 (next to be held on 12 June 2026) |
| Election results | Council of the Nation - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FLN 54, RND 22, Future Front 7, National Construction Movement 5, FFS 4, other 6, independent 18, appointed 58; composition - men 163, women 7, percentage women 4.1% National People's Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FLN 98, MSP 65, RND 58, (Future Front) 48, Movement of National Construction 39, other 15, independent 84; composition - men 375, women 32, percentage women 7.9%; note - total Parliament percentage women 6.8% |
| Judicial branch | |
| Highest court(s) | Supreme Court or Le Cour Suprême, (consists of 150 judges organized into 8 chambers: Civil, Commercial and Maritime, Criminal, House of Offenses and Contraventions, House of Petitions, Land, Personal Status, and Social; Constitutional Council (consists of 12 members including the court chairman and deputy chairman); note - Algeria's judicial system does not include sharia courts |
| Judge selection and term of office | Supreme Court judges appointed by the High Council of Magistracy, an administrative body presided over by the president of the republic, and includes the republic vice-president and several members; judges appointed for life; Constitutional Council members - 4 appointed by the president of the republic, 2 each by the 2 houses of Parliament, 2 by the Supreme Court, and 2 by the Council of State; Council president and members appointed for single 6-year terms with half the membership renewed every 3 years |
| Subordinate courts | Appellate or wilaya courts; first instance or daira tribunals |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | |
| Chief of mission | Ambassador Sabri BOUKADOUM (since 27 February 2024) |
| Chancery | 2118 Kalorama Road NW, Washington, DC 20008 |
| Telephone | [1] (202) 265-2800 |
| FAX | [1] (202) 986-5906 |
| Email address and website | mail@algerianembassy.org https://www.algerianembassy.org/ |
| Consulate(s) general | New York |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | |
| Chief of mission | Ambassador Elizabeth Moore AUBIN (since 9 February 2022) |
| Embassy | 05 Chemin Cheikh Bachir, Ibrahimi, El-Biar 16030, Alger |
| Mailing address | 6030 Algiers Place, Washington DC 20521-6030 |
| Telephone | [213] (0) 770-08-2000 |
| FAX | [213] (0) 770-08-2299 |
| Email address and website | ACSAlgiers@state.gov https://dz.usembassy.gov/ |
| National heritage | |
| Total World Heritage Sites | 7 (6 cultural, 1 mixed) |
| Selected World Heritage Site locales | Beni Hammad Fort (c); Djémila (c); Casbah of Algiers (c); M'zab Valley (c); Tassili n'Ajjer (m); Timgad (c); Tipasa (c) |
Key Political parties and their leaders in Algeria
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International organization participation
All Important Facts about Algeria
Want to know more about Algeria? Check all different factbooks for Algeria below.
